A Complete Guide to Jadeite

For centuries, jadeite, a gemstone of unparalleled beauty, has held a magnetic allure, mesmerising emperors, inspiring artists, and influencing entire civilizations. Often confused with its more common counterpart, nephrite, the stone is nature's rare and exquisite masterpiece, commanding values that can surpass those of diamonds. Known as the 'stone of heaven,' Green jadeite is more than just a dazzling mineral—it symbolises prosperity, purity, and spiritual balance. From ancient emperors who revered its rarity to modern collectors who prize its unparalleled elegance, the stone has a story that transcends time.

But what makes this gemstone so unique? Is it its stunning array of colors, from rich green to delicate lavender? Or is it the deep cultural and spiritual meanings woven into its history? Here is everything you need to know about jadeite stones.

1. Jadeite: Formation & Occurrence

The generic term "jade" encompasses both jadeite and nephrite, which form through distinct geological processes in subduction zones where tectonic plates collide. This jadeite mineral develops in metamorphic environments under extreme conditions, requiring pressures exceeding 10 kilobars and temperatures of 200-400°C, typically found 25-45 kilometres beneath the Earth's surface.

Rough Jadeite

Sodium-rich fluids interacting with aluminosilicate materials drive its formation through metasomatic processes, where chemical exchanges transform rocks. Similar to the formation of beryl, renowned for its emerald and aquamarine varieties, jadeite forms in specific geological conditions involving high pressure and temperature. Both minerals are silicate compounds, and their colors are influenced by trace elements. Beryl acquires its green hue from chromium (in emerald) or iron (in aquamarine), while elements like chromium, iron, and manganese determine jadeite's colors.

The formation of high-quality jadeite, particularly the prized 'Imperial jade,' depends on a delicate balance of factors. Suitable parent materials, extended exposure to high-pressure conditions, interaction with sodium-rich fluids, and ample time for crystallization are essential.

2. Where Is Jadeite Found?

Myanmar leads global production, with the Hpakant region in the north supplying nearly 90% of the market, renowned for its imperial jade.

Guatemala’s Motagua Valley, historically significant to the Mayan civilization, offers blue-green imperial jade used in ceremonial artefacts and jewelry. Archaeological finds reveal ancient mining and trade networks centred on these deposits.

Japan’s Itoigawa region, on Honshu’s western coast, produces diverse varieties, including high-quality white varieties, prized for their mineralogical uniqueness.

Smaller deposits in Russia, Canada, and the U.S. contribute minimally, serving local or niche uses compared to major global sources.

Imperial Jade is the most valuable type of Jadeite

3. Colour Range of Jadeite

The most iconic and valuable color of the stone is green, which can vary from light apple green to deep emerald green. This variety, especially "Imperial jade," is highly prized and is associated with luck, prosperity, and emotional balance. In addition to green, the stone can be found in several other hues:

• Lavender: This variety ranges from pale lavender to deep plum hues and is considered rare and valuable. It is known as the "Stone of the Angels" and is believed to promote peace and emotional support.
• White: Often translucent to opaque, white jadeite is valued for its purity and is considered the "pure" form of jade, appreciated for its aesthetic qualities.
• Yellow: Ranging from light lemon to deep gold, yellow jadeite is associated with joy and prosperity, though it is less common than green or lavender varieties.
• Red: With shades ranging from pinkish to deeper red, the stone is rarer and can be quite valuable, symbolizing strength and vitality.
• Black: Typically dark, often with a high iron content, black jadeite is generally less valuable but is still sought after for its unique appearance.
• Brown & Orange: Brown jadeite can range from light tan to deep chocolate brown, while orange jadeite has warm tones. These colors are less common and typically hold lower value.
• Blue: Rare and valuable, blue jadeite ranges from pale blue to deeper blue-green hues and can be highly sought after depending on its quality.

4. Common Inclusions In a Jadeite

Jadeite's transparency varies from semi-transparent to translucent, depending on the inclusions present within its crystal structure. Some common inclusions in a jadeite are:

• Quartz: Often present as a common inclusion
• Omphacite: A frequent mineral found alongside the gemstone, contributing to its structure
• Albite: This feldspar mineral is another frequent inclusion
• Titanite & Rutile: Occasionally, these inclusions can also be found, adding unique features to the gemstone
• Epidote & Pumpellyite: Less common but still present in some specimens of stone

Jadeite - A Quick Snapshot

5. Common Treatments & Enhancements of Jadeite

Common treatments and enhancements of jadeite include:

• Bleaching: Jadeite is bleached using acids (like hydrochloric or sulfuric acid) to remove undesirable brown or yellow stains caused by iron oxides. This process enhances the stone's appearance but can make it more fragile. Type B jadeite is subjected to a more intensive treatment process. It involves soaking the jadeite in strong acids (such as hydrochloric or sulfuric acid) for extended periods to bleach out undesirable colors and impurities. This process can leach sodium from the jadeite, altering its chemical composition.
• Polymer Impregnation: A resin or polymer is impregnated into bleached jadeite to fill cracks and improve durability. This process also enhances the stone's luster and perceived translucency, but the treated material is less valuable than untreated jadeite.
• Dyeing: Jadeite Type C is a variety of jadeite that has been chemically bleached and impregnated with colored dye to enhance its color and appearance. However, the treatment itself is not stable and will not last a long time.

6. Evaluating the Quality of Jadeite

The gemstone’s quality is typically assessed through a set of well-defined characteristics that remain consistent regardless of where it is mined. To evaluate the jade quality, experts commonly rely on the following criteria - collectively known as the 4Cs:

• Color: The highest-quality stone s renowned for its nearly transparent appearance and intense emerald-green hue. Historically prized by the royal court of China, this variety remains one of the most valuable gemstones in the world. Its vivid green color, free of gray undertones, is striking and can command millions in the market. This prized hue varies from pure green to subtle bluish or yellowish green. Other sought-after jade varieties include "kingfisher jade," known for its slightly less vibrant green; "apple jade," featuring a rich yellowish-green shade; and "moss-in-snow jade," which is translucent white with bright green veins, patches, or spots.
• Clarity: Clarity refers to its internal characteristics, such as inclusions or imperfections that affect light transmission. The finest stone displays excellent transparency and minimal clarity flaws, making it significantly more valuable than imperial jade with a cloudy appearance.
• Cut: Top-grade stone is often fashioned into cabochons, particularly for rings and high-end jewellery such as pendants. Factors like symmetry, proportion, and thickness are considered important when assessing cabochons. It may also be crafted into round beads, which are meticulously matched for color, texture, size, and symmetry.
• Carat Weight: Jadeite jewellery is often valued based on overall quality and size rather than per-carat weight. Larger jade stone pieces, even around 5 carats, can fetch significant prices if they possess superior quality.

7. Jadeites in Astrology

In Indian astrology, jadeite jade is associated with Venus, believed to radiate energies that foster love, harmony, and affection. It is thought to positively influence the heart chakra, which governs emotions and relationships. Astrologers recommend wearing jade in gold for optimal effects, though silver or platinum are also suitable. According to Vedic astrology, jade is typically worn on the little finger of the dominant hand—right hand for right-handed individuals, and left hand for left-handed. The best time to wear it is Wednesday morning during Shukla Paksha, before noon.

Astrologers often suggest this gem for individuals with the zodiac signs Taurus, Libra, Pisces, Aries, and Gemini. Beyond its astrological significance, jadeite jade is cherished for its stunning beauty and durability, making it well-suited for everyday jewelry be it in the form of bracelets, rings, and more. Here are some great benefits of jadeite for the wearer:

• Emotional Balance: Promotes inner peace, emotional stability, and harmony.
• Mental Clarity: Enhances focus, decision-making, and wisdom, especially during transitions.
• Anxiety Relief: Soothes the nervous system, reducing stress and anxiety; also helps relieve ailments.
• Relationship Harmony: Strengthens relationships, fosters understanding, and enhances communication.
• Spiritual Growth: Aids spiritual development and enhances connection to higher consciousness.

Conclusive Reflections

Throughout history, jadeite has captivated civilizations with its mesmerizing beauty and cultural significance. Whether you're drawn to its rich green hues, fascinated by its imperial legacy, or interested in its investment potential, imperial jade remains one of nature's most extraordinary treasures. As you embark on your journey into the world of this precious stone, remember that quality and authenticity are paramount. For those ready to explore certified imperial jade and other exceptional stones, Precious Earth offers an expertly curated collection of natural stones backed by lifetime warranties and certifications for interested buyers.

With a mine-to-market approach and unparalleled expertise in colored gemstones, be it sapphires, peridot, tourmaline, or garnet, you can trust our guidance in selecting the perfect piece. Visit us to begin your journey into the fascinating world of fine gems.