Rare gemstones have always captivated humanity with their enigmatic beauty and exceptional qualities, but few stones possess the mystique of alexandrite stone. Known for its extraordinary ability to exhibit color change under different lighting conditions (daylight vs. incandescent light), alexandrite stands apart as one of the most fascinating and sought-after gems in the world. Not only is the color change in the stone unique, but the gem itself is incredibly rare. Quality alexandrite is difficult to find, and its scarcity further enhances its value and allure.
Discovered in the 19th century in the Ural Mountains, alexandrite holds historical significance, especially as a prized gem within the Russian aristocracy. Its rareness coupled with its remarkable optical properties, has ensured that the stone remains one of the most coveted gems for collectors and enthusiasts alike. This article delves into the rich history, unique optical properties, and enduring appeal of the gemstone, exploring why it remains one of the rarest and most sought-after stones in the world.
Alexandrite History
The story of alexandrite stone begins in the early 19th century when it was first discovered in Russia, a region known for yielding some of the world’s finest gems. In 1830, miners searching for emeralds stumbled upon this extraordinary chrysoberyl, which exhibited a mesmerizing color change from green to red. The discovery coincided with the coming of age of Tsar Alexander II, and in honour of the future emperor, the gem was named alexandrite.
Natural alexandrite quickly became a favourite among Russian nobility, with its dual colors representing the military green color and imperial red of old Russia. Its rareness only added to its allure, as deposits of the stone were quickly depleted, making fine specimens of alexandrite increasingly difficult to find. This scarcity elevated its status, cementing its place as one of the most prized gems in Russian history.
After the decline of the deposits, new sources of the stone were eventually found in countries like Sri Lanka. Although Sri Lankan stones are slightly different in their mineral composition, they still exhibit the remarkable color change that makes this gemstone so unique. Today, natural alexandrite stones from both sources are highly valued, with the latter continuing the legacy of this rare and captivating gem, proving that its allure transcends borders and time.
The Mineral Composition of Alexandrite
Alexandrite stone is a rare variety of chrysoberyl, which also consists of cat's eye stones, a mineral known for its durability and remarkable optical properties. The inclusion of chromium as a trace element within the crystal structure of the gem is responsible for its iconic color change from green to red. While the gem shares its basic structure with other chrysoberyl stones, it’s the presence of chromium that gives it its unique, transformative beauty.
Sources of Alexandrite
The original and most famous source of the Alexandrite stone is the Ural Mountains in Russia, where the stone was first discovered in the 1830s. These Russian deposits are renowned for producing high-quality alexandrite, but they were largely depleted in the 19th century, making gems from this region incredibly rare today. As demand grew, new sources were discovered in other parts of the world, including Sri Lanka and Brazil.
Alexandrites are found in various countries including Russia, India, Sri Lanka, etc.
In addition to Russia and Sri Lanka, alexandrite is also found in India, Tanzania, and Madagascar. These sources have produced some notable specimens, although the quality and color change effect can vary depending on the region. Brazilian alexandrite, for instance, is highly prized for its clarity, but its color-changing properties are often less intense than those of Russian or Sri Lankan stones. India has also become a source of alexandrite, although stones from this region may exhibit slightly different color characteristics.
Alexandrites from different sources have varying colour-change properties (Source: GIA)
Alexandrite’s Unique Color-Change
One of the stone’s most captivating features is its remarkable color change effect, setting it apart from almost every other stone. In natural daylight, the gem exhibits a striking green color, but under incandescent light, it transforms into a deep, rich red. This dramatic shift has earned it the nickname, "emerald by day - ruby by night," a characteristic that has fascinated gem enthusiasts for centuries.
While the classic green-to-red shift is the most well-known, alexandrite can also display a range of other fascinating color variations depending on its origin and composition. Some stones may appear bluish-green in daylight, while shifting to shades of purplish-red or raspberry-red under incandescent or candlelight. In rare cases, it may display hues of yellow-green or olive green during the day, changing to brownish-red or purple in artificial light.
Alexandrites exhibit the most prominent colour-change of any gemstone
Though other gems, like sapphire, tourmaline and garnet, may also exhibit color-changing properties, its transition between green and red (or other variations) is far more dramatic and distinct, making it a standout in the world of gems.
Alexandrite as a Birthstone
As the official birthstone for June, the stone holds a special place in the hearts of those born during this month. Its unique ability to change color like sapphires and tourmalines, symbolizes transformation and adaptability, qualities often associated with people born under the zodiac signs of Gemini and Cancer. This connection to personal growth and change makes it especially coveted as a birthstone, offering not only beauty but also symbolic depth.
Beyond its symbolic meaning, the gem is believed to bring balance and clarity to those who wear it. The stone is said to help improve intuition, encourage self-esteem, and promote emotional resilience, making it particularly beneficial for individuals navigating change and personal development. Additionally, alexandrite is thought to enhance creativity and inspire confidence, making it a powerful companion for anyone seeking positive transformation in life.
Alexandrite’s Appeal & Market Value
Alexandrite’s enduring appeal lies in its remarkable combination of exclusivity, beauty, and magical color change. This unique ability to shift from green or bluish-green to red, purplish-red, or even raspberry tones continues to captivate buyers and jewelry enthusiasts alike.
High-quality and lab-certified stones with a pronounced color change, minimal inclusions, and exceptional clarity often command a premium. The stone's mesmerizing ability to shift colors has made it a favorite in modern jewelry design, particularly for pieces like alexandrite rings and pendants.
When it comes to valuing alexandrite gemstone, carat weight is another crucial factor. Larger stones are extremely rare, and as the size of the gem increases, so does its value, making high-carat alexandrite a true collector’s item.
Alexandrite’s combination of historical significance, optical uniqueness, and scarcity ensures that its value will endure for generations, solidifying its status as one of the most prized gemstones in the world.
Conclusive Reflections
In conclusion, alexandrite is truly one of the world’s most prized and captivating gems. Its rare color change effect combined with its rich history and rarity make it a stone of unmatched beauty and value. Whether used in earrings, rings, or other forms of jewelry, alexandrite’s ability to transform before your eyes ensures that it will remain a symbol of prestige and wonder for years to come.
At Precious Earth, we present a curated collection of gemstones, meticulously selected for their individual properties. Discover our range of lab-certified and natural gemstones, including topaz, moonstone, opal, garnets, sapphires, emeralds, and more, and experience the enchanting allure of alexandrite — a gem that truly distinguishes itself with its rare beauty and mesmerizing transformation.
